? Franks, L.M. and Teich, N.M. eds (1997). Cellular and Molecular Biology of Cancer Oxford University Press, Oxford.
? King, R.J.B. (2000). Cancer Biology. Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow.
? Spence, R.A.J. and Johnston eds (2001). Oncology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Additional, mostly primary, literature will be referred to in contact time and made available to students via the sciences LRC or electronic means.

Tumour biology will be studied under four broad headings, each one considering tumours on a larger scale.
? Molecular and Cellular Tumour Biology: Here we will study genetic changes associated with carcinogenesis including the effects of chemical and physical carcinogens, oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and their relationship to DNA repair mechanisms and cell cycle progression. Changes in cellular morphology and behaviour associated with carcinogenesis will also be studied.
? Tumour Growth and Treatment. Within this section we will study the changes in tissue architecture associated with the progression from normality to malignancy and metastasis. We will also consider, in the context of tumour development, the effectiveness and mechanisms of currently used approaches of tumour therapy including, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
? Whole Body Effects of Tumours: This section will include study of the effects that tumours may have on parts of the body distant from their site of growth due to either their physical growth e.g. through blockage of the alimentary tract, or their metabolic effects e.g. through the secretion of ectopic hormones. The use of such effects as diagnostic or screening tests for tumours will also be considered.
? Tumour Epidemiology: Here we will consider the findings of large scale studies of the incidence tumours in populations. The balance between genetic and environmental influences will be evaluated together with an evaluation of the possible effectiveness of intervention strategies to reduce tumour incidence by changing the behaviour and lifestyle of individuals.

Study of the Level 1 module Disease

You will be directed to information sources to provide the background material. Lectures/seminars (12 x 2hrs) will be used to highlight key topics which are the focus of current active research or which are particularly controversial, to provide feedback regarding progress by the use of individual exercises and group discussion, to provide guidance concerning the assessments and for the assessments themselves. You will devote the non-contact hours (126hrs) to reviewing, extending and developing links between the topics highlighted during contact time in the context of the directed reading so as to enable the synoptic assessments to be effectively addressed.

Students will be required to complete 2 pieces of summative assessment.
Two 40-minute class tests that will take the form of time constrained essays ? Weighting 50% each.
CT1 to address learning outcomes 1, 3, 4, 5.
CT2 to address learning outcomes 2, 4,5.

The essay topics will be synoptic and will be provided to students in advance to enable broad reading.

Students will be provided with formative assessment and feedback via
Some class time will be devoted to discussions of scientific writing in the context of the assessments. Students will also have the opportunity of individual discussions with tutors concerning their proposed approach to the assessments. Additionally, the timing of the class tests will be such that the outcome and tutor feedback from the first test will provide formative feedback to students concerning their approach to scientific writing before the second class test.

- Networked PC's with the current student image and access to Blackboard.
- University Library and the Sciences Learning Resource Centre.
- Teaching room with appropriate audiovisual aids
- Research active subject specialists will be employed to deliver some guest lectures.